A Systematic Review of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technologies and its Impact on Environmental Sustainability

Abstract

The increasing concerns over climate change and air pollution have resulted in a burgeoning interest in alternative transportation technologies that might mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and enhance air quality. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) technologies have emerged as a viable option to these challenges, providing a more efficient and eco-friendly alternative to conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) automobiles. There are still uncertainties regarding the environmental sustainability of HEV technologies, as well as constraints associated with their acceptance and incorporation into the transportation system. The objective of this study is to address these concerns by undertaking a systematic review of current literature on HEV technologies and their impact on the environment. The research methodology encompassed a thorough examination of scholarly articles, studies, and other pertinent materials on HEV technologies, their ecological consequences, and their ability to mitigate GHG emissions. The search was performed via online academic databases and relevant industry reports. The literature evaluation concentrated on research that assessed the environmental efficacy of HEV technologies, encompassing their capacity to decrease emissions, enhance fuel efficiency, and promote overall sustainability. An analysis was conducted on the outcomes of these research to uncover significant patterns, trends, challenges, and prospects for enhancing the sustainability of HEV technology. The findings suggests that HEV technologies has the capacity to substantially decrease emissions and enhance fuel economy in comparison to conventional ICE vehicles. It was observed that HEV can decrease GHG emissions by as much as 50% and enhance fuel efficiency by an average of 20-30%. Nevertheless, there are still challenges that must be resolved, including battery technology, infrastructural development, and customer acceptability. The findings suggest that more research and development should be conducted to improve the sustainability of HEV technologies and accelerate their acceptance in the market.